Europe · Western Europe
Germany Demographics
Germany combines a large resident population, low fertility, long life expectancy, an older age structure, and population change that depends strongly on migration balances.
Primary values use Destatis resident population, birth, death and migration statistics, Eurostat life-expectancy and projection indicators, and World Bank WDI urban and broad age data. Source years differ by indicator.
Last updated: 22 July 2026
Core Demographic Indicators
Detailed Demographic Indicators
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resident population | 83,497,147 | 2025 | Destatis, 30 September 2025 |
| Male population | 41,202,996 | 2025 | Destatis, 30 September 2025 |
| Female population | 42,294,151 | 2025 | Destatis, 30 September 2025 |
| Male share | 49.35% | 2025 | Calculated from Destatis male and female population |
| Female share | 50.65% | 2025 | Calculated from Destatis male and female population |
| Sex ratio | 97.4 males per 100 females | 2025 | Calculated from Destatis male and female population |
| German citizens | 71,078,953 | 2025 | Destatis, 30 September 2025 |
| Foreign nationals | 12,418,194 | 2025 | Destatis, 30 September 2025 |
| Foreign national share | 14.87% | 2025 | Calculated from Destatis nationality table |
| Population growth | -0.07% year-on-year | 2025 | Destatis, Q3 2025 comparison |
| Total fertility rate | 1.32 births per woman | 2025 | Destatis birth statistics, 1 July 2026 release |
| Live births | 654,241 | 2025 | Destatis population movement, updated 1 July 2026 |
| Deaths | 1,006,588 | 2025 | Destatis population movement, updated 1 July 2026 |
| Natural change | -352,347 | 2025 | Destatis population movement, updated 1 July 2026 |
| Immigration | 1,479,944 arrivals | 2025 | Destatis migration statistics |
| Emigration | 1,244,944 departures | 2025 | Destatis migration statistics |
| Net migration | +235,000 | 2025 | Destatis migration statistics |
| Life expectancy at birth, men | 78.9 years | 2024 | Eurostat via Destatis European indicators |
| Life expectancy at birth, women | 83.5 years | 2024 | Eurostat via Destatis European indicators |
| Urban population share | 77.9% | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
| Urban population | 65,050,855 | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
| Population aged 0-14 | 13.91% | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
| Population aged 65+ | 23.2% | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
| Projected population | 78.5 million | 2060 | Eurostat EUROPOP 2025 via Destatis European indicators |
Table analysis
- The latest resident population entry in this table is 83,497,147 for 30 September 2025.
- Women outnumbered men by 1,091,155 in the same resident population table.
- Natural change was negative in 2025 because deaths exceeded live births by 352,347.
- Net migration remained positive at +235,000, but the annual migration balance and the quarterly resident population estimate are different statistical series.
- The fertility, life-expectancy, urban and age-share values use different source years and should not be read as one census table.
Recent Resident Population Trend
Germany Resident Population, 2024-2025
Quarterly resident population estimates based on the 2022 Census.
Source: Destatis intercensal population estimates based on the 2022 Census.
Trend analysis
- The series peaks at 83,577,140 on 31 December 2024.
- The 30 September 2025 estimate is 80,007 lower than the 31 December 2024 count.
- Destatis reported a -0.07% year-on-year change for Q3 2025.
Recent Resident Population Table
| Date | Total population | Male | Female | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31 March 2024 | 83,469,924 | 41,178,064 | 42,291,860 | Destatis |
| 30 June 2024 | 83,510,950 | 41,200,564 | 42,310,386 | Destatis |
| 30 September 2024 | 83,555,478 | 41,232,644 | 42,322,834 | Destatis |
| 31 December 2024 | 83,577,140 | 41,241,701 | 42,335,439 | Destatis |
| 31 March 2025 | 83,517,030 | 41,216,703 | 42,300,327 | Destatis |
| 30 June 2025 | 83,491,249 | 41,202,173 | 42,289,076 | Destatis |
| 30 September 2025 | 83,497,147 | 41,202,996 | 42,294,151 | Destatis |
Table analysis
- The resident population stayed within a narrow band of roughly 83.49 million to 83.58 million across the listed quarters.
- Female population remained higher than male population in every listed quarter.
- The table is a resident population series; it should not be mixed with UN mid-year estimates without a source note.
Migration, Births and Deaths
Migration Balance and Natural Change
Annual net migration compared with births minus deaths.
Source: Destatis migration statistics and population movement statistics. The 2025 birth and death totals reflect the Destatis table updated on 1 July 2026.
Chart analysis
- Net migration fell from +1,462,089 in 2022 to +235,000 in 2025.
- Natural change remained negative in every listed year.
- Positive net migration of +235,000 was insufficient to offset the 2025 natural decrease of -352,347.
| Year | Immigration | Emigration | Net migration | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 2,665,772 | 1,203,683 | +1,462,089 | 738,819 | 1,066,341 | -327,522 | Destatis |
| 2023 | 1,932,509 | 1,269,545 | +662,964 | 692,989 | 1,028,206 | -335,217 | Destatis |
| 2024 | 1,694,192 | 1,264,009 | +430,183 | 677,117 | 1,007,758 | -330,641 | Destatis |
| 2025 | 1,479,944 | 1,244,944 | +235,000 | 654,241 | 1,006,588 | -352,347 | Destatis population movement, updated 1 July 2026 |
Table analysis
- Arrivals declined each year from 2022 to 2025 in the listed Destatis migration series.
- Deaths exceeded live births by more than 300,000 in each listed year.
- Migration and natural change are separate components; they are not the same as a single resident population growth rate.
Broad Age Structure
Germany Broad Age Structure
Population share by broad age group.
Source: World Bank WDI, 2024. Broad age shares are not a detailed population pyramid.
Age-sex analysis
- The 65+ share is 23.2% in the World Bank WDI 2024 series.
- The 0-14 share is 13.91%, below the older-age share.
- The implied broad age dependency ratio from these shares is about 59 dependents per 100 people aged 15-64.
- This module is not a full age-sex table because detailed five-year male and female age groups are not included in the current verified dataset.
| Age group | Population | Share | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-14 | 11,617,292 | 13.91% | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
| 15-64 | 52,523,588 | 62.89% | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
| 65+ | Data not available | 23.2% | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
Table analysis
- The table uses broad age groups only.
- The 65+ count is left as Data not available because the current source set verifies the share but not the matching same-source count for this page.
- A detailed population pyramid should use five-year age groups by sex, not broad age groups.
Fertility and Life Expectancy
Fertility Rate Compared With Replacement Level
Births per woman, with 2.1 used as a broad replacement-level benchmark.
Source: Destatis, 2025. Replacement level is a broad benchmark and is not a country-specific forecast.
Chart analysis
- Germany’s 2025 fertility rate is 1.32 births per woman.
- The rate is 0.78 births per woman below the 2.1 replacement-level benchmark.
- The rate was 2.7% lower than in 2024 and declined for a third consecutive year.
- The 2025 total of 654,241 live births was the lowest recorded in Germany’s post-war period.
Life Expectancy at Birth by Sex
Male and female life expectancy at birth.
Source: Eurostat via Destatis European indicators, 2024.
Chart analysis
- Female life expectancy at birth is 83.5 years.
- Male life expectancy at birth is 78.9 years.
- The female-male gap is 4.6 years.
| Year | Men | Women | Gap | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 78.9 years | 83.5 years | 4.6 years | Eurostat via Destatis European indicators |
Table analysis
- The table keeps male and female life expectancy separate because the values measure different sex-specific series.
- The gap is calculated as female life expectancy minus male life expectancy.
Urban Population
Urban Population Share
Urban population as a share of total population.
Source: World Bank WDI, 2024. Urban definitions follow the source series.
Chart analysis
- The World Bank WDI urban share for Germany is 77.9% in 2024.
- The matching urban population estimate is 65,050,855.
| Year | Urban share | Urban population | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 77.9% | 65,050,855 | World Bank WDI |
Table analysis
- The urban series follows the World Bank WDI definition rather than a national settlement-size threshold created for this page.
- Urban population is shown as a source estimate, not as a count from the Destatis resident population table.
Population Projection Scenario
Population projections are scenario-based estimates, not guaranteed predictions. They should be read separately from observed resident population counts.
| Year | Projected measure | Scenario | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2060 | 78.5 million population | EUROPOP 2025 projection | Eurostat via Destatis European indicators |
| 2070 | 74.7 million population | Moderate birth rate, life expectancy and net migration | Destatis 16th coordinated population projection |
| 2070 | 63.9 million to 86.5 million population | Projection range across variants | Destatis 16th coordinated population projection |
| 2038 | At least +3.8 million people aged 67+ | Ageing projection across variants | Destatis 16th coordinated population projection |
| 2050 | 8.5 million to 9.8 million people aged 80+ | Projection range across variants | Destatis 16th coordinated population projection |
Projection analysis
- The Eurostat projection places Germany at 78.5 million in 2060.
- The Destatis moderate 2070 variant places the population at 74.7 million.
- The 2070 Destatis variant range is wide: 63.9 million to 86.5 million.
- Older-age projections are shown as age-group measures, not total population values.
European Comparison
The comparison uses the same Eurostat-based Destatis European indicators table for all listed countries and the EU-27 aggregate.
| Country or area | Population 2025 | Projection 2060 | Fertility 2024 | Life expectancy men 2024 | Life expectancy women 2024 | Source note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | 83.6 million | 78.5 million | 1.36 | 78.9 years | 83.5 years | Eurostat via Destatis European indicators |
| France | 68.9 million | 70.3 million | 1.61 | 80.2 years | 85.8 years | Eurostat via Destatis European indicators |
| Italy | 58.9 million | 52.8 million | 1.18 | 81.6 years | 85.7 years | Eurostat via Destatis European indicators |
| Poland | 36.5 million | 31.2 million | 1.14 | 74.8 years | 82.2 years | Eurostat via Destatis European indicators |
| Spain | 49.1 million | 53.5 million | 1.10 | 81.4 years | 86.5 years | Eurostat via Destatis European indicators |
| Netherlands | 18.0 million | 19.1 million | 1.43 | 80.5 years | 83.3 years | Eurostat via Destatis European indicators |
| EU-27 | 450.6 million | 434.3 million | 1.34 | 78.9 years | 84.1 years | Eurostat via Destatis European indicators |
Comparison analysis
- Germany is the largest listed national population at 83.6 million in the Eurostat-based 2025 comparison.
- Germany’s 2060 projection in this comparison is 78.5 million, lower than the 2025 value.
- Germany’s Eurostat fertility value of 1.36 is close to the EU-27 aggregate of 1.34.
- The national Destatis rate of 1.32 for 2025 is newer than the 2024 Eurostat comparison value shown in this table.
- Female life expectancy in Germany is lower than the listed values for France, Italy and Spain in this table.
Demographic Overview
The latest Destatis quarterly estimate is 83.5 million, with Q3 2025 slightly below the same quarter of 2024.
The World Bank WDI 2024 series places the 65+ share at 23.2%, above the 0-14 share of 13.91%.
The 2025 fertility rate fell to 1.32 births per woman, 2.7% below the 2024 rate and the third consecutive annual decline.
Net migration was positive at +235,000 in 2025, but it did not offset the natural decrease of -352,347.
Women represented 50.65% of the resident population in the 30 September 2025 Destatis estimate.
Destatis places the 2070 population at 74.7 million under its moderate variant, with a wider variant range of 63.9 million to 86.5 million.
Data Sources and Methodology
Germany’s demographic indicators come from different statistical systems. Resident population counts, migration flows, births and deaths are official Destatis series. Eurostat and World Bank values are used where they provide comparable cross-country indicators.
| Source | Year or release | Used for |
|---|---|---|
| Destatis intercensal population estimates based on the 2022 Census | 2024 and 2025 quarterly tables | Resident population, male and female population, nationality, recent population trend |
| Destatis population movement and fertility statistics | 2025 fertility, births and deaths; updated 1 July 2026 | Fertility rate, live births, deaths, natural change |
| Destatis migration statistics | 2022-2025 | Immigration, emigration and net migration table |
| Eurostat via Destatis European indicators | Data as at May 2026 | Life expectancy, Eurostat population comparison, EUROPOP 2025 projection to 2060 |
| World Bank World Development Indicators | 2024 | Urban population share, urban population, broad age shares |
| Destatis 16th coordinated population projection | 2025 release | 2070 population variants and older-age projection notes |
Method note
- Resident population counts are not the same as mid-year model estimates.
- Projection values are scenario outputs and remain separate from observed or estimated historical data.
- Sex ratio and percentage shares are calculated only where the source values support the calculation.
- Median age and detailed five-year age-sex counts are not imputed in this page.
- Rounded values may differ slightly from source tables that show more decimal places.
Methodological Safety Note
Methodological Safety Note: Germany data can differ by source because Destatis resident population, Eurostat comparable indicators, World Bank estimates and projection scenarios use different definitions, reference dates and release cycles. Census count, resident population, mid-year estimate and projection are not interchangeable. Urban population depends on the source definition. Migration is measured as arrivals, departures and net balance, while natural change is births minus deaths. Missing detailed age-sex values are not estimated here.
FAQ
What is Germany’s latest population?
Destatis estimated Germany’s resident population at 83,497,147 on 30 September 2025.
Is Germany’s population growing?
The Q3 2025 Destatis estimate was 0.07% below the same quarter of 2024. Annual population change also depends on both migration and natural change.
What is Germany’s fertility rate?
Destatis reported a total fertility rate of 1.32 births per woman for 2025, down 2.7% from 1.35 in 2024.
Why do Germany population numbers differ by source?
Destatis resident population tables, Eurostat comparable indicators, World Bank estimates and projection datasets can use different reference dates, methods and definitions.