Northern America · United States
United States Demographics
The United States combines continued population growth, below-replacement fertility, population ageing, high urbanization, and migration-driven growth.
Core resident population values use U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 estimates, including the June 2026 age and sex release. International indicator series use World Bank WDI, CDC/NCHS, and United Nations urbanization data where those definitions fit the measure.
Last updated: September 27, 2026
Core Demographic Indicators
Detailed Demographic Indicators
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resident population | 341,784,857 | 2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
| Annual population growth | +0.5% | 2024-2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
| Population increase | About 1.8 million | 2024-2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
| Net international migration | About 1.3 million | 2024-2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
| Natural change | About 519,000 | 2024-2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
| Median age | 39.4 years | 2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 age and sex estimates |
| Fertility rate | 1.6265 births per woman | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
| Life expectancy at birth, total | 79.0 years | 2024 | CDC/NCHS |
| Life expectancy at birth, male | 76.5 years | 2024 | CDC/NCHS |
| Life expectancy at birth, female | 81.4 years | 2024 | CDC/NCHS |
| Female-male life expectancy gap | 4.9 years | 2024 | CDC/NCHS |
| Urban population share | 83.5% | 2024 | World Bank / UN urban series |
| Population aged 0-14 | 17.32% | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
| Population aged 15-64 | 64.75% | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
| Population aged 65+ | 17.93% | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
| Male population | 162,685,811 | 2020 | U.S. Census Bureau, 2020 Census |
| Female population | 168,763,470 | 2020 | U.S. Census Bureau, 2020 Census |
Table analysis
- The Census Bureau resident population estimate reached 341,784,857 on July 1, 2025.
- Population growth from July 2024 to July 2025 was about 0.5%, with net international migration larger than natural change.
- The 2025 median age was 39.4 years in the Census Bureau Vintage 2025 age and sex estimates.
- Life expectancy at birth was 79.0 years in 2024, with female life expectancy 4.9 years higher than male life expectancy.
Resident Population Trend
United States Resident Population, 1950-2025
Decennial census counts through 2020 plus the July 1, 2025 resident population estimate.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau historical decennial census counts and Vintage 2025 resident population estimate.
Trend analysis
- The resident population rose from 151.3 million in 1950 to 341.8 million in 2025.
- The increase between the 2020 census count and the 2025 estimate is about 10.3 million.
Historical Population
| Year | Population | Measurement type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 151,325,798 | Decennial census count | U.S. Census Bureau |
| 1960 | 179,323,175 | Decennial census count | U.S. Census Bureau |
| 1970 | 203,211,926 | Decennial census count | U.S. Census Bureau |
| 1980 | 226,545,805 | Decennial census count | U.S. Census Bureau |
| 1990 | 248,709,873 | Decennial census count | U.S. Census Bureau |
| 2000 | 281,421,906 | Decennial census count | U.S. Census Bureau |
| 2010 | 308,745,538 | Decennial census count | U.S. Census Bureau |
| 2020 | 331,449,281 | Decennial census count | U.S. Census Bureau |
| 2025 | 341,784,857 | July 1 resident population estimate | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
Table analysis
- The historical series uses decennial census counts through 2020 and a July 1 estimate for 2025.
- The largest absolute increase in the selected decennial rows is between 1990 and 2000, when the population rose by about 32.7 million.
- The 2025 value is an estimate, not a census count, so it should not be read as the same measurement type as the 1950-2020 rows.
Age Structure
Broad Age Structure, 2024
Population shares by broad age group.
Source: World Bank WDI age-share series, 2024. Population counts below are calculated from WDI total population and age-share values.
| Age group | Population | Share | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-14 | 58,922,800 | 17.32% | 2024 | World Bank WDI; count calculated from WDI total population |
| 15-64 | 220,210,607 | 64.75% | 2024 | World Bank WDI; count calculated from WDI total population |
| 65+ | 60,977,581 | 17.93% | 2024 | World Bank WDI; count calculated from WDI total population |
Data analysis
- The working-age group, ages 15-64, accounts for 64.75% of the 2024 WDI population base.
- The 65+ share, 17.93%, is slightly larger than the 0-14 share of 17.32%.
2025 Census Bureau Age Structure
The Census Bureau Vintage 2025 estimates provide a newer age profile using five life-stage groups. These category boundaries differ from the 2024 World Bank WDI age bands above and are not directly comparable.
| Age group | Population | Share | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Under 18 | 72,021,348 | 21.1% | 2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
| 18-24 | 31,936,859 | 9.3% | 2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
| 25-44 | 91,885,062 | 26.9% | 2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
| 45-64 | 81,324,500 | 23.8% | 2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
| 65+ | 64,617,088 | 18.9% | 2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
| Total | 341,784,857 | 100% | 2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
Data analysis
- The 25-44 group is the largest of the five Census Bureau age groups, with 91,885,062 residents.
- The population aged 65 and older reached 64,617,088, or about 18.9% of the July 1, 2025 resident population.
- The under-18 population was 72,021,348, or about 21.1% of the total.
- From the April 2020 estimates base to July 2025, the 65+ population rose by 16.2%, while the under-18 population declined by 2.4%.
Sex Balance
The 2020 Census counted 162,685,811 males and 168,763,470 females, corresponding to 96.4 males per 100 females.
| Measure | Male | Female | Total | Male share | Female share | Sex ratio | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Decennial census population by sex | 162,685,811 | 168,763,470 | 331,449,281 | 49.08% | 50.92% | 96.4 males per 100 females | 2020 | U.S. Census Bureau, 2020 Census |
Sex balance analysis
- Females outnumbered males by 6,077,659 in the 2020 Census.
- Females accounted for 50.92% of the census population, compared with 49.08% for males.
Fertility Rate
Fertility Rate, 2024
Total fertility rate in 2024.
Source: World Bank WDI fertility rate for the United States, 2024. The 2.1 comparison value is a demographic reference.
Chart analysis
- The 2024 U.S. fertility rate is 1.63 births per woman.
- The rate is below the 2.1 births-per-woman reference shown in the chart.
Life Expectancy by Sex
Life Expectancy at Birth, 2024
Total, male, and female life expectancy in years.
Source: CDC/NCHS, Mortality in the United States, 2024.
Chart analysis
- Female life expectancy at birth was 81.4 years in 2024.
- Male life expectancy at birth was 76.5 years in 2024.
- The female-male gap was 4.9 years.
Migration and Natural Change
Components of Population Growth, 2024-2025
Net international migration and natural change during the Census Bureau estimate period.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 population estimates. Period: July 1, 2024 to June 30, 2025.
| Component | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Net international migration | About 1.3 million | July 2024 to June 2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
| Natural change | About 519,000 | July 2024 to June 2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
| Total population increase | About 1.8 million | July 2024 to July 2025 | U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 |
Data analysis
- Net international migration, at about 1.3 million, was larger than natural change during the period.
- Natural change added about 519,000 people.
- The migration and natural-change components do not use the same definition as immigrant admissions or border-crossing counts.
Population Projection Scenario
Census Projection Scenarios for 2100
Scenario-based population projections under different immigration assumptions.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2023 National Population Projections. Projection values are scenario-based estimates, not observed population counts.
| Scenario | Year | Projected population | Projection note | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Middle series peak | 2080 | About 370 million | Projected peak under the middle series | U.S. Census Bureau 2023 National Population Projections |
| Middle series | 2100 | About 366 million | Main scenario after the projected peak | U.S. Census Bureau 2023 National Population Projections |
| High immigration | 2100 | About 435 million | Higher immigration assumption | U.S. Census Bureau 2023 National Population Projections |
| Low immigration | 2100 | About 319 million | Lower immigration assumption | U.S. Census Bureau 2023 National Population Projections |
| Zero immigration | 2100 | About 226 million | Scenario without future immigration | U.S. Census Bureau 2023 National Population Projections |
Projection analysis
- The Census middle series projects a peak near 370 million around 2080.
- The 2100 projection ranges from 226 million under the zero-immigration scenario to 435 million under the high-immigration scenario.
Demographic Overview
The Census Bureau estimates continued growth through 2025, with the resident population reaching 341.8 million.
The Census Bureau estimated 64,617,088 residents aged 65 or older in 2025, about 18.9% of the population. The separate 2024 WDI series uses different age bands.
The 2024 fertility rate is 1.6265 births per woman in the World Bank WDI series.
Net international migration was the larger component of population growth in the 2024-2025 Census estimate period.
The United States is highly urbanized in the World Bank / UN urban series, with about 83.5% urban population in 2024.
Census projection scenarios differ strongly by immigration assumption, especially by 2100.
Data Sources and Methodology
| Source | Year or release | Used for |
|---|---|---|
| U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 Population Estimates | 2025 estimate release | Resident population, annual growth, net international migration, natural change, growth component chart |
| U.S. Census Bureau historical decennial census counts | 1950-2020 counts | Historical resident population table and population trend chart |
| U.S. Census Bureau 2020 Census | 2020 | Male and female population balance table |
| U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 age and sex estimates | Released June 25, 2026 | 2025 median age and Census Bureau age-group counts |
| World Bank World Development Indicators | 2024 | Fertility rate, broad age shares, WDI total population used to calculate broad age-group counts |
| CDC/NCHS, Mortality in the United States, 2024 | 2024 | Life expectancy at birth by total, male, and female categories |
| World Bank / United Nations urbanization series | 2024 | Urban population share |
| U.S. Census Bureau 2023 National Population Projections | 2023 projection release | Projection scenario chart and projection scenario table |
Method note
- Resident population estimates, decennial census counts, WDI indicators, and projection scenarios use different definitions and reference periods.
- The 2025 Census Bureau age table uses 0-17, 18-24, 25-44, 45-64 and 65+ groups, while the 2024 WDI series uses 0-14, 15-64 and 65+.
Methodological Safety Note
Methodological Safety Note: U.S. Census resident population estimates, decennial census counts, World Bank indicators, and Census projection scenarios use different definitions and reference periods. Net international migration is a population-change component and is not the same as immigration admissions or border-crossing counts.
FAQ
What is the latest U.S. population estimate?
The U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 series estimates the resident population at 341,784,857 on July 1, 2025.
Is the United States population still growing?
Yes. The Census Bureau estimated growth of about 0.5% from July 2024 to July 2025.