Americas · Latin America and the Caribbean
Mexico Demographics
Mexico has a still-growing population, below-replacement fertility, a rising median age, and a large urban majority.
Source note: headline model values use UN DESA World Population Prospects 2024 medium-variant data; official age-sex structure uses the INEGI 2020 Census; fertility, life expectancy, urban share and the 1960-2024 population trend use World Bank WDI series.
Last updated: June 15, 2026
Core Demographic Indicators
Detailed Demographic Indicators
| Indicator | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 132,997,658 | 2026 | UN DESA WPP 2024 medium variant |
| Population growth rate | +0.80% | 2026 | UN DESA WPP 2024 medium variant |
| Median age | 30.0 years | 2026 | UN DESA WPP 2024 medium variant |
| Total fertility rate | 1.892 births per woman | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
| Replacement-level benchmark | 2.1 births per woman | Benchmark | Demographic convention |
| Life expectancy at birth | 75.264 years | 2024 | World Bank WDI |
| Urban population share | 81.86% | 2024 | World Bank WDI / UN urban series |
| Population density | 68 people per km² | 2026 | UN DESA WPP 2024 medium variant |
| Net migration | -109,844 | 2026 | UN DESA WPP 2024 medium variant |
| Male population | 61,473,390 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| Female population | 64,540,634 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| Male share | 48.8% | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| Female share | 51.2% | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| Sex ratio | 95.25 males per 100 females | 2020 | Calculated from INEGI Census counts |
| Population aged 0-14 | 25.20% | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| Population aged 15-64 | 66.39% | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| Population aged 65+ | 8.19% | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| Global population rank | 11 | 2026 | UN DESA WPP 2024 medium variant |
Table analysis
- Mexico’s 2026 population is listed as 132,997,658 in the UN WPP medium-variant series.
- The latest World Bank WDI fertility value is 1.892 births per woman in 2024, below the 2.1 replacement-level benchmark.
- The official 2020 census count records more females than males: 64.54 million females and 61.47 million males.
- The age-structure values are census-based and should not be read as 2026 age shares.
Population Trend
Mexico Population Trend
Selected World Bank WDI population values, 1960-2024
Source: World Bank WDI population series. Values are annual population counts in persons.
| Year | Population | Series type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 36,724,615 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 1965 | 43,174,477 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 1970 | 50,814,953 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 1975 | 58,982,400 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 1980 | 67,300,334 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 1985 | 75,043,414 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 1990 | 82,820,170 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 1995 | 90,862,455 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 2000 | 98,625,552 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 2005 | 105,811,504 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 2010 | 113,623,895 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 2015 | 121,072,306 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 2020 | 126,799,054 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 2021 | 127,648,148 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 2022 | 128,613,117 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 2023 | 129,739,759 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
| 2024 | 130,861,007 | Annual population series | World Bank WDI |
Trend analysis
- The World Bank WDI series rises from 36.72 million in 1960 to 130.86 million in 2024.
- The selected-year table keeps projections out of the historical series; 2025 and later values are handled in the projection section.
- Growth in absolute population continues through 2024, but the fertility chart shows a much lower birth-rate environment than in the 1960s and 1970s.
Age-Sex Population Structure
Mexico Population Pyramid
Population by 5-year age group and sex, 2020 census
Source: INEGI Census 2020. Male values are stored as negative values only for left-side pyramid rendering; labels should be read as positive counts.
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Male share | Female share | Sex ratio | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-4 | 5,077,482 | 4,969,883 | 10,047,365 | 50.5% | 49.5% | 102.2 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 5-9 | 5,453,091 | 5,311,288 | 10,764,379 | 50.7% | 49.3% | 102.7 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 10-14 | 5,554,260 | 5,389,280 | 10,943,540 | 50.8% | 49.2% | 103.1 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 15-19 | 5,462,150 | 5,344,540 | 10,806,690 | 50.5% | 49.5% | 102.2 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 20-24 | 5,165,884 | 5,256,211 | 10,422,095 | 49.6% | 50.4% | 98.3 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 25-29 | 4,861,404 | 5,131,597 | 9,993,001 | 48.6% | 51.4% | 94.7 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 30-34 | 4,527,726 | 4,893,101 | 9,420,827 | 48.1% | 51.9% | 92.5 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 35-39 | 4,331,530 | 4,688,746 | 9,020,276 | 48.0% | 52.0% | 92.4 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 40-44 | 4,062,304 | 4,441,282 | 8,503,586 | 47.8% | 52.2% | 91.5 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 45-49 | 3,812,344 | 4,130,069 | 7,942,413 | 48.0% | 52.0% | 92.3 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 50-54 | 3,332,163 | 3,705,369 | 7,037,532 | 47.3% | 52.7% | 89.9 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 55-59 | 2,692,976 | 3,002,982 | 5,695,958 | 47.3% | 52.7% | 89.7 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 60-64 | 2,257,862 | 2,563,200 | 4,821,062 | 46.8% | 53.2% | 88.1 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 65-69 | 1,706,850 | 1,938,227 | 3,645,077 | 46.8% | 53.2% | 88.1 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 70-74 | 1,233,492 | 1,413,848 | 2,647,340 | 46.6% | 53.4% | 87.2 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 75-79 | 847,898 | 966,684 | 1,814,582 | 46.7% | 53.3% | 87.7 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 80-84 | 523,812 | 651,552 | 1,175,364 | 44.6% | 55.4% | 80.4 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 85+ | 433,968 | 605,583 | 1,039,551 | 41.7% | 58.3% | 71.7 | 2020 | INEGI Census |
Age-sex analysis
- The 2020 census recorded 61,473,390 males and 64,540,634 females.
- The overall sex ratio was 95.25 males per 100 females, calculated from official census counts.
- The 0-14 age groups had sex ratios above 102, while the 20-24 group moved below parity at 98.3.
- Older ages are more female-heavy: the 85+ group had a sex ratio of 71.7 males per 100 females.
- The pyramid excludes the census category for age not stated, which totaled 273,386 people.
Sex Ratio by Age Group
Males per 100 females by 5-year age group, 2020 census
Source: Calculated from INEGI Census 2020 male and female counts.
Chart analysis
- The highest sex ratio in the displayed age groups is 103.1 in ages 10-14.
- The lowest sex ratio is 71.7 in ages 85+.
- The shift from male-heavy youth groups to female-heavy older ages is visible across the full age ladder.
Broad Age Structure
Census population share by broad age group, 2020
Source: INEGI Census 2020. Age not stated is shown separately and is not redistributed across age groups.
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Share | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-14 | 16,084,833 | 15,670,451 | 31,755,284 | 25.20% | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 15-64 | 40,506,343 | 43,157,097 | 83,663,440 | 66.39% | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| 65+ | 4,746,020 | 5,575,894 | 10,321,914 | 8.19% | 2020 | INEGI Census |
| Age not stated | 136,194 | 137,192 | 273,386 | 0.22% | 2020 | INEGI Census |
Data analysis
- The working-age group, 15-64, accounted for 66.39% of the census population.
- The 65+ group accounted for 8.19% in the 2020 census, while the 0-14 group accounted for 25.20%.
- Age not stated is kept as a separate census category rather than reassigned.
Fertility and Life Expectancy
Fertility Rate Trend
Total fertility rate compared with the 2.1 replacement-level benchmark
Source: World Bank WDI total fertility rate series. Benchmark line is a demographic reference, not a Mexico-specific policy target.
| Year | Fertility rate | Replacement benchmark | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 6.763 | 2.1 | World Bank WDI |
| 1970 | 6.529 | 2.1 | World Bank WDI |
| 1980 | 4.739 | 2.1 | World Bank WDI |
| 1990 | 3.444 | 2.1 | World Bank WDI |
| 2000 | 2.714 | 2.1 | World Bank WDI |
| 2010 | 2.340 | 2.1 | World Bank WDI |
| 2020 | 1.990 | 2.1 | World Bank WDI |
| 2024 | 1.892 | 2.1 | World Bank WDI |
Trend analysis
- The fertility rate fell from 6.763 in 1960 to 1.892 in 2024.
- The 2024 rate is below the broad replacement-level benchmark of 2.1 births per woman.
- The chart compares a national time series with a reference benchmark; the benchmark is not a forecast.
Life Expectancy Trend
Life expectancy at birth, selected years from 1960 to 2024
Source: World Bank WDI life expectancy at birth series.
| Year | Life expectancy | Unit | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 53.573 | Years at birth | World Bank WDI |
| 1970 | 58.893 | Years at birth | World Bank WDI |
| 1980 | 64.282 | Years at birth | World Bank WDI |
| 1990 | 69.034 | Years at birth | World Bank WDI |
| 2000 | 72.562 | Years at birth | World Bank WDI |
| 2010 | 73.718 | Years at birth | World Bank WDI |
| 2020 | 70.449 | Years at birth | World Bank WDI |
| 2021 | 69.750 | Years at birth | World Bank WDI |
| 2022 | 73.973 | Years at birth | World Bank WDI |
| 2023 | 75.069 | Years at birth | World Bank WDI |
| 2024 | 75.264 | Years at birth | World Bank WDI |
Trend analysis
- Life expectancy increased from 53.573 years in 1960 to 75.264 years in 2024.
- The series includes a dip in 2020 and 2021, followed by higher values in 2022-2024.
- The table uses total life expectancy only; male and female life expectancy are not split in this table.
Population Projection
Mexico Population Projection
UN DESA WPP 2024 medium-variant scenario, 2026-2050
Source: UN DESA WPP 2024 medium-fertility variant as tabulated in the accessed WPP-derived projection table. Projection values are scenario-based estimates, not guaranteed predictions.
| Year | Projected population | Yearly % change | Yearly change | Net migration assumption | Median age | Fertility rate | Density | Scenario | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 132,997,658 | +0.80% | 1,050,758 | -109,844 | 30.0 | 1.85 | 68 | Medium-fertility variant | UN DESA WPP 2024 |
| 2030 | 136,904,738 | +0.74% | 991,568 | -106,319 | 31.5 | 1.79 | 70 | Medium-fertility variant | UN DESA WPP 2024 |
| 2035 | 141,150,819 | +0.61% | 849,216 | -103,866 | 33.3 | 1.76 | 73 | Medium-fertility variant | UN DESA WPP 2024 |
| 2040 | 144,624,323 | +0.49% | 694,701 | -106,910 | 35.1 | 1.73 | 74 | Medium-fertility variant | UN DESA WPP 2024 |
| 2045 | 147,240,092 | +0.36% | 523,154 | -101,019 | 36.9 | 1.71 | 76 | Medium-fertility variant | UN DESA WPP 2024 |
| 2050 | 148,946,274 | +0.23% | 341,236 | -98,661 | 38.7 | 1.70 | 77 | Medium-fertility variant | UN DESA WPP 2024 |
Projection analysis
- The medium-variant path rises from 132.998 million in 2026 to 148.946 million in 2050.
- The annual growth rate shown in the projection table slows from 0.80% in 2026 to 0.23% by 2050.
- The projected median age rises from 30.0 to 38.7 years over the same period.
- The projection keeps net migration negative in each displayed year, with the 2050 assumption at -98,661.
Demographic Overview
Mexico remains on a growth path in the UN WPP medium variant, but the projected growth rate slows across the displayed 2026-2050 series.
The 2020 census age structure is still working-age heavy, with 66.39% of the census population in ages 15-64.
The 2020 census records more females than males, with the sex ratio falling more sharply in older age groups.
The World Bank WDI fertility series places Mexico at 1.892 births per woman in 2024, below the 2.1 replacement-level benchmark.
World Bank WDI places the urban population share at 81.86% in 2024, making Mexico a predominantly urban country by that definition.
Census counts, annual WDI series and WPP projections answer different measurement questions; year and definition should be checked before comparing values.
Data Sources and Methodology
| Source | Year or release | Used for |
|---|---|---|
| INEGI Census of Population and Housing | 2020 census | Official census population by age and sex, broad age groups, male/female shares, sex ratio calculations and population pyramid. |
| World Bank World Development Indicators | 1960-2024 series, latest available values used | Population trend, total fertility rate, life expectancy at birth and urban population share. |
| UN DESA World Population Prospects | 2024 revision, medium-fertility variant | 2026 population, growth, median age, net migration, density, global rank and 2026-2050 projection table. |
| Worldometer tabulation of UN DESA WPP 2024 | Accessed WPP-derived country table | Structured display of WPP-derived projection fields, including yearly change, density, median age and net migration assumptions. |
| Measure | Definition | Unit | Method note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | Annual or mid-year population count depending on dataset. | Persons | WDI historical values and WPP model values should not be treated as identical to census counts. |
| Census population | Official enumerated population in the national census. | Persons | Used for age-sex structure because detailed census counts are available. |
| Fertility rate | Total fertility rate under period age-specific fertility rates. | Births per woman | Compared with the 2.1 replacement-level reference benchmark. |
| Life expectancy | Period life expectancy at birth. | Years | Displayed as total life expectancy only in this profile. |
| Urban population share | Share of population classified as urban under the source definition. | Percent | Urban definitions can differ by country and dataset. |
| Sex ratio | Male population divided by female population, multiplied by 100. | Males per 100 females | Calculated from INEGI 2020 Census age-sex counts. |
| Projection | Scenario-based estimate for a future year. | Persons or rate | Projection values are not observed counts. |
Method note
- Official 2020 census values are used where detailed age-sex counts are required.
- Annual World Bank WDI values support the historical population, fertility and life-expectancy time series.
- WPP projection values are kept separate from the historical WDI population table.
- Calculated sex ratios are derived directly from male and female census counts and rounded to one or two decimals depending on the table.
Methodological Safety Note
Methodological Safety Note: Mexico demographic values may differ by source because census counts, annual model series, mid-year estimates and projections are not the same measure. The 2020 INEGI census is used for detailed age-sex structure; World Bank WDI is used for historical annual population, fertility, life expectancy and urban share; UN DESA WPP 2024 is used for 2026 headline model values and 2026-2050 projections. Projection figures are scenario-based estimates, not observed data. Urban population share depends on the source definition. Rounding may cause small differences between totals, shares and displayed ratios.
FAQ
What is the population of Mexico in 2026?
The UN DESA WPP 2024 medium-variant series lists Mexico at 132,997,658 people in 2026.
What is Mexico’s latest fertility rate in this profile?
The latest World Bank WDI value used here is 1.892 births per woman in 2024.
Is the population pyramid a current-year estimate?
No. The population pyramid uses detailed 2020 census age-sex counts from INEGI because those counts provide the required age-by-sex structure.
Why do the source years differ?
Different indicators are released through different datasets. Census age-sex data is from 2020, WDI annual indicators are latest to 2024 here, and WPP projection values extend into future years.